Depression Essays (564 words) - Depression, Psychiatric Diagnosis

Depression Depression is defined as a low sad state in which life seems bleak and it's changes overwhelming. When people lapse into a state of depression, they experience different symptoms and not all depressed people have the same symptoms. Symptoms of depression fall into the following five categories: emotional, motivational, behavioral, cognitive and physical. Emotional symptoms can include feelings of intense sadness and feeling dejected. Some people feel miserable, empty, and/or humiliated. The depressed person may cry often, experience anxiety, anger or agitation. Some depressed people actually feel so bad about their situation; they lose feelings for themselves and affection for their loved ones. Motivational symptoms include any feeling that makes it harder for the depressed person to function in a normal role. They may have no desire to do any activity, even ones they previously enjoyed. They have no initiative to do anything. They may have to force themselves to go to work, go grocery shopping, see friends or do anything they once did. Depressed people may have behavioral signs also. These are a lack of activity, with the activity done being less and less productive. A depressed person may move very slowly, with reluctance and no motivation. They may walk aimlessly with no real destination known. They may hang their heads and tend to make no eye contact. There are cognitive symptoms associated with depression also. The depressed person feels negatively about himself or herself. They feel worthless, inferior and wholly inadequate. They feel that the bad things happening in their lives are their own fault and they also feel that the situation will never get better. They feel that nothing will ever improve and they feel helpless over their lives. In addition, they feel they cannot control their futures, so they give up trying. A depressed person may also be easily distracted, confused and unable to remember things. They also feel they cannot communicate with anyone, so they keep their feelings to themselves. Physical symptoms can accompany depression. The person may feel dizzy or nauseous. They may have diarrhea or constipation. They may complain of indigestion, headache or generalized pain. Sleep disturbances are common in depressed people. They often feel tired all of the time and the fatigue is not alleviated with rest. They may sleep all of the time or may not sleep at all. Depressed people may also have problems with appetite. They may not be hungry very often or may stuff themselves to make themselves feel better. In summary, depression is a severe disorder with many different symptoms. In many cases, the depressed person cannot help themselves out of the ?rut? they are in. They feel dejected, insecure, hopeless, miserable and empty. Persons suffering from depression are usually constantly tired and lack initiative to perform any task, even usual daily tasks. They can sleep all the time or not sleep at all. Some depressed people feel so helpless and dejected that they start thinking about or even commit acts of suicide. A person with depression can feel so hopeless that they start thinking about suicide. Some people feel so indifferent to life that they do not care if they live or die. Some wish to die so they can escape their life. Depression is a scary disorder and people with depression need to get help immediately so they can feel better and get on with an ordinary life. Psychology

The Theme of Jack Londons To build a fire

The Theme of Jack Londons To build a fire The significance of the words 'dying and death' in Jack London's 1910 novel, 'To Build a Fire' continuously expresses the man's dwindling warmth and bad luck in his journey along the Yukon trail to meet 'the boys' at camp. London associates dying with the man's diminishing ability to stay warm in the frigid Alaskan climate. The main characters predicament slowly worsens one level at a time finally resulting in death.The narrator informs the reader that 'the man' lacks personal experiencetraveling in the Yukon terrain. The old-timer warned the man about theharsh realities of the Klondike. The confident main character thinks ofthe old-timer at Sulphur Creek as 'womanish.' Along the trail, 'the man' falls into a hidden spring and attempts to build a fire to dry his socks and warm himself. With his wet feet quickly growing numb, he realizes he has only one chance to successfully build a fire or face the harsh realities of the Yukon at one-hundred nine degrees below freezing.Jack London`s cabin, Dawson, Yukon, Canada. An ide...Falling snow from a tree blots out the fire and the character realizes 'he had just heard his own sentence of death.' Jack London introduces death to the reader in this scene.The man realizes 'a second fire must be built without fail.' The man's mind begins to run wild with thoughts of insecurity and death when the second fire fails. He recollects the story of a man who kills a steer to stay warm and envisions himself killing his dog and crawling into the carcass to warm up so he can build a fire to save himself.London writes, 'a certain fear of death, dull and oppressive, came to him.'As the man slowly freezes, he realizes he is in serious trouble and can no longer make excuses for...

Universal jurisdiction application of International Law Essay

Universal jurisdiction application of International Law - Essay Example Universal jurisdiction refers to universal prescriptive jurisdiction and obliges states to assume jurisdiction over international crimes that are especially serious regardless of where the crime was committed (O’Keefe, 745). According to the dissenting opinion of Van den Wyngaert, the definition of universal jurisdiction is not clearly established under international Convention or customary international law with the result that the definition is uncertain (Arrest Warrant of 11 April 2000 also known as Joint Separate Opinion of Judges Higgins, Koijmans and Brugenthal). However, the International Law Commission and the International Criminal Court Statute both provide ample explanation of the concept of universal jurisdiction and its purpose. This paper identifies and analyses the international law on universal jurisdiction and identifies where uncertainties may arise. Definition and Concepts of Universal Jurisdiction According to the International Law Commission’s Report of the Sixth Committee, universal jurisdiction is defined as: †¦a legal principle allowing or requiring a state to bring criminal proceedings in respect of certain crimes irrespective of the location of the crime and the nati onality of the perpetrator or the victim (1). Arguably, the concept of universal jurisdiction is also referred to in the Rome Statute for the International Criminal Court, 1998 (ICC Statute). The Preamble to the ICC Statute, states that â€Å"the most serious crimes of concern to the international community† â€Å"must not go unpunished† and that all member states will implement laws for ensuring the â€Å"effective prosecution of† of those crimes† and in doing so, the international community must cooperate (ICC Statute, Preamble). More specifically, the Rome Statute of the ICC goes further to state that: †¦it is the duty of every State to exercise its criminal jurisdiction over those responsible for international crimes (Preamble). According to the Joint Separate Opinion of Judges Higgins, Koijmans and Brugenthal, various states have implemented laws conferring jurisdiction on them over international crimes. However, none of these states have provide d for jurisdiction over crimes to which the enabling state does not have some form of connection (Joint Separate Opinion of Judges Higgins, Koijmans and Brugenthal, 70). National courts have been more decisive however. For example, the Federal Court of Australia listed a number of international crimes over which it had universal jurisdiction. The Supreme Court of Austria ruled that it had universal jurisdiction over crimes of genocide. The United States has assumed universal jurisdiction in two notable cases, Yunis in 1988 and Bin Laden in 2000(Joint Separate Opinion of Judges Higgins, Koijmans and Brugenthal). Some states are hesitant to assume jurisdiction over a matter that another state has jurisdiction over. For example both the UK and the Russian Federation have expresses similar views against one state assuming jurisdiction over a matter that relates to an offence that was committed within the territory of another state (Joint Separate Opinion of Judges Higgins, Koijmans and Brugenthal). Regardless, in addition to international treaties in which jurisdiction over specific crimes such as torture and genocide require some form of link to the offence, the offender or the victims in order to confer jurisdiction, universal jurisdi